Origin of name
Hiccups, or in medical language is called 'Hiccup' really is a phenomenon involving the neural and respiratory systems whose purpose until the present moment was not yet known. The term 'Hiccup' appears and people used to simulate the sound emitted when the hiccups (hik.. Hik ..). While other names, namely 'singultus' comes from the Latin meaning singult breathe when someone is sobbing.
Actually, what happened? When someone hiccups, there was contraction of respiratory muscles, the diaphragm and the muscles between the ribs, which causes the movement draw breath but suddenly followed by a closed glottis (airway valve) is not normal so that a voice .. hik hik ... Usually hiccups appear 40-60 times / minute with a fairly regular intervals and lasted several minutes. But sometimes last more than 48 hours, and can also be up for days.
Hiccups can be experienced by anyone. The fetus in the womb, children and adults can experience it all. However, it is said the children more often had the hiccups than adults.
Various causes
According to medical analysis, the occurrence of hiccup reflex involving the vagus nerve and nerve frenikus in the diaphragm (main breathing muscle, located between the chest and abdomen).
Causes a temporary hiccup usually is stretching the gastrointestinal tract, carbonated beverages, swallowing lots of air, alcohol, smoking, stress, excessive laughing, too. Irritation of the vagus nerve and frenikus a common cause. Foreign body in ear region also appeared to also be a trigger, because there is one branch of the vagus nerve in the area. Abnormalities of the throat such as inflammation and tumors in the neck area also can stimulate nerve fibers in the area, which is also a branch of the vagus nerve.
Various abnormalities of the diaphragm may also underlie the emergence of hiccups, such as hiatus hernia, gastroesophageal reflux, subfenikus abscess, and manipulation of the diaphragm during surgery. Other causes are also more likely is a disease of the central nervous system that disrupt the hiccup reflex, can include infection, tumors or abnormal blood vessels. The condition of uremia (increased urea levels in the blood) who experienced kidney failure patients also may be the cause. In addition, psychogenic factors also need to be considered.
Stopping Hiccups
There are many ways people do to try to eliminate the hiccups. Theoretically, the principle is to seek to interrupt the hiccup reflex arc. Here are some ways that often do:
* High levels of carbon dioxide in the blood can neutralize the hiccups. The trick, is to breathe in a paper bag. Blow and breathe as much as 10 times with strong enough to face flushed. Do it quickly, and try a sealed paper bag so no air that goes into it ... so that inhaled air is the air that much carbon dioxide.
* Another technique is to increase carbon dioxide levels by holding their breath as long as possible, then swallow when hiccups felt would come. Do it 2-3 times and then take a deep breath and start again.
* There is also a suggested holding her breath as long as possible and then remove it and hold as long as possible. Or by holding their breath with his head looked up.
* Swallowing a teaspoon of dry granulated sugar to stop the hiccups in a few minutes. Allegedly, the sugar in the mouth would send signals through the nerve fibers that will disrupt the hiccup reflex arc.
* Drinking water in the bow position, perform a light massage with the index finger on both sides of the neck, take a deep breath and drink 10 gulps of water while not breathing, bending until your fingers can touch my toes for 60 minutes and many more techniques that can be done to eliminate the hiccups.
If the hiccups do not disappear as well in a few hours or even days, then medical help such as drug use is necessary. Some drugs that can be used to eliminate the hiccups include chlorpromazin, metoclopramid, baclofen, anticonvulsants (phenytoin, valproic acid, carbamazepin) as well as other drugs such as quinidine, amitriptyline and marijuana. Certainly the use of these drugs should be with your doctor's instructions, because these drugs also have side effects that need to be wary of.
If the drugs also hiccups persist, could also try hypnosis therapy and acupuncture. Furthermore ... anesthesia with positive pressure ventilation and paralytic muscle was reported to stop hiccups. Well, finally ... as a last weapon that can be done ... ... following surgery to destroy or frenikus nerve block has also been done in some cases of the hiccups that are not resolved in various ways ... ..
